Ethanol Extract of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch: Antidiarrheal Activity in Mice and Contraction Effect in Isolated Rabbit Jejunum / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the antidiarrheal effect of ethanol extract of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch root (GFR) in vivo and jejunal contraction in vitro.@*METHODS@#In vivo, 50 mice were divided into negative control, positive control (verapamil), low-, medium- and high-dose GFR (250, 500, 1,000 mg/kg) groups by a random number table, 10 mice in each group. The antidiarrheal activity was evaluated in castor oil-induced diarrhea mice model by evacuation index (EI). In vitro, the effects of GFR (0.01, 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, 1, 3, and 10 g/L) on the spontaneous contraction of isolated smooth muscle of rabbit jejunum and contraction of pretreated by Acetylcholine (ACh, 10 µmol/L) and KCl (60 mmol/L) were observed for 200 s. In addition, CaCl2 was accumulated to further study its mechanism after pretreating jejunal smooth muscle with GFR (1 and 3 g/L) or verapamil (0.03 and 0.1 µmol/L) in a Ca2+-free-high-K+ solution containing ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA).@*RESULTS@#GFR (500 and 1,000 mg/kg) significantly reduced EI in castor oil-induced diarrhea model mice (P<0.01). Meanwhile, GFR (0.01, 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, 1, 3, and 10 g/L) inhibited the spontaneous contraction of rabbit jejunum (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Contraction of jejunums samples pretreated by ACh and KCl with 50% effective concentration (EC50) values was 1.05 (0.71-1.24), 0.34 (0.29-0.41) and 0.15 (0.11-0.20) g/L, respectively. In addition, GFR moved the concentration-effect curve of CaCl2 down to the right, showing a similar effect to verapamil.@*CONCLUSIONS@#GFR can effectively against diarrhea and inhibit intestinal contraction, and these antidiarrheal effects may be based on blocking L-type Ca2+ channels and muscarinic receptors.

Adición de subsalicilato de Bismuto a la terapia triple erradicadora de la infección por Helicobacter pylori: efectividad y efectos adversos / Addition of Bismuth subsalicylate to triple eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection: efficiency and adverse events

Determinar la eficacia y los efectos adversos de la adición del Subsalicilato de bismuto a la terapia triple en la erradicación de la infección del Helicobacter Pylori. Materiales y métodos: Estudio experimental controlado doble ciego. Se trabajó con 54 pacientes con diagnóstico de Helicobacter Pylori atendidos entre febrero-marzo 2012. El grupo experimental tuvo 29 pacientes a los que se les agregó subsalicilato de bismuto, a la terapia triple convencional y 24 pacientes a los que se añadió placebo. Resultados: La edad promedio fue 47 +/- 14,9 años, el 66,7% fueron mujeres. Se realizó test de aliento en ambos grupos para el control post tratamiento, obteniendo un test de aliento negativo en el 89.7% en el grupo de estudio y 80% en el grupo placebo (p=0,319). Los efectos adversos de los pacientes que recibieron tanto subsalicilato de Bismuto como aquellos que fueron tratados con Placebo fueron: diarrea en ambos grupos (10,3% primer grupo y 16% en el segundo grupo) p=0,537, Heces oscuras 37,9% en el primer grupo mientras que en el segundo grupo no hubo este tipo de consecuencia, (p=0,001). El dolor abdominal se presentó en el 20,7% del primer grupo y en el 52% del segundo grupo (p=0,016). Las náuseas se presentaron solo en el 3% del grupo placebo. (p=0,055). Conclusiones: No se encontró diferencias estadísticas con la adición de Bismuto al esquema de la terapia triple para erradicar el Helicobacter Pylori Comparado con placebo. (p=0,319).Los efectos adversos fueron menores en el grupo que recibió bismuto...

To establish the efficiency and adverse effects of the addition of bismuth subsalicylate to triple eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection. Material and methods: Double blind controlled experimental trial. The study population consisted of 54 patients with Helicobacter pylori infection: 29 were allocated to the experimental group, who received the usual triple plus bismuth subsalicylate therapy, and 24 received the triple therapy plus placebo. Results: The average age was 47+/-14.9 years, 66.7% of the patients were women. Both groups underwent the breath test: it was negative in 89.7% of the patients from the experimental group and 80% of the patients from the placebo group (p=0.319). The adverse events of both groups were: diarrhea (10.3% in the experimental group vs 16% in the placebo group; p=0.537), dark feces (37.9% in the experimental group vs 0% in the placebo group; p=0.001), abdominal pain (20.7% in the experimental group vs 52% in the placebo group; p=0.016). Nausea only were present in 3% of the patients of placebo group p=0.055). Conclusions: The association of bismuth subsalicylate to the triple therapy scheme for the erradication of Helicobacter pylori was effective in 89.7% of patients, whereas 80% of efficiency was obtained in the placebo group (p=0.319). The adverse events were lesser in the experimental group...